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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, which are the most commonly prescribed treatment for ADHD seem to balance brain chemicals and boost their levels. They do not cure the disorder and only manage symptoms if taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication can include an increase in blood pressure and heart rate as well as upset stomach anxiety and tics. Certain teens and children who take stimulant drugs have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate, a central nervous stimulant, is the most common medication used to treat ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms, such as chewable tablets with liquid, an orally disintegrating tablet that acts long, and a pill with extended release. The drug increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This can help improve concentration. It may also reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate is an effective treatment for ADHD in combination with other treatments, like behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks transporters that remove these neurotransmitters normally from the brain. The drug can cause a slight increase in heart rate or blood pressure. It may also trigger an abrupt change in blood sugar levels, and those with diabetes must be aware when taking this medication. Speak to your doctor when you experience any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate can also cause a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena that causes numbness as well as pain in the toes and fingers. It is a rare but serious side result. It is essential to notify your doctor if any of these symptoms occur. There are some who believe that methylphenidate can slow down the growth of children. However it hasn't been proven. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate, be sure to keep track of the child's weight and height closely. If your child is taking chewable tablets of methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine which can be dangerous for children with the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you suffer from PKU, ask your doctor about different forms of methylphenidate. Certain people have issues with stimulants, which are the first choice of medication for treating ADHD. In these cases, doctors may prescribe other medications that work similarly. Apart from methylphenidate there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine. These substances are more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. They are typically taken twice to three times per day, but some people can take them more frequently. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however they are less effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that increases concentration and reduces hyperactivity as well as impulsiveness. It's part of a group of medications known as selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that control the brain's activity. It is a preferred option for adults and children who want a different type of medication than stimulants, such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is crucial to keep in mind that atomoxetine does not work instantly, and it can take up to 6 weeks for the effects of the medication to become apparent. There is also the possibility of experiencing side effects such as nausea and drowsiness. However the benefits of atomoxetine surpass the risks for many patients. In a double-blind placebo controlled study that was conducted on 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18, the effectiveness of atomoxetine is confirmed. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine and placebo groups depression symptoms were less. The atomoxetine-treated group had greater improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was not as dramatic (Michelson and co. 2001). In a different open trial, 10 patients suffering from ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The atomoxetine group demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms compared to placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. One patient withdrew due to a skin rash. In addition, three patients experienced gastrointestinal issues that were transient and one reported increased fatigue (Kratochvil et al 2005). Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine to your doctor about your medical background and any other medications or supplements that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as other over-the-counter medicines. Discuss with your doctor when any of the following conditions occur such as narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid or adrenal gland tumor and high blood pressure heart disease or a history sudden death. You should also be wary of atomoxetine in the event that you have taken an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid linezolid, methylene blue injection, rasagiline, phenelzine or tranylcypromine in the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant drug that can help improve symptoms of ADHD. It also helps to reduce impulsivity and boost concentration, but it does not affect the brain in the same way as stimulants do. It's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and capsules. It's important to take the medication exactly as directed. You might experience withdrawal symptoms if you stop suddenly. It is usually taken two or three times per day with a 4-6 hour interval between each dose. The dose can range between 100 mg twice or three times per day to 150 mg three or four times daily. The drug is absorbed into the digestive tract and excreted into urine, meaning it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it could enter the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion may increase blood pressure, making it important to monitor it frequently. Bupropion can, in addition to helping to reduce ADHD symptoms, can also reduce depression. It also helps treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors that are located in your brain. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, is blocked from entering your brain, which helps to regulate your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications, so it's important to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking. It's essential to let your doctor know if you have any allergies. Also, avoid caffeine or other stimulants, which could make the adverse effects more severe. In a number of studies in a variety of studies, bupropion was compared with placebos for adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and the majority of them were poorly conducted. Many of these studies did not include patients with psychiatric co-morbidity. The data indicate that bupropion can have a small effect on ADHD. More research is required to determine the positive effects for patients, such as the improvement in their quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed, it is necessary to have a better understanding of the molecular causes of ADHD. This is a greater understanding of the relationship between molecular pathways. It is also crucial to know how anti-ADHD drugs function in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants are often prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed for children with ADHD do not work or cause adverse side effects. These drugs, which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), help by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to help people concentrate. These are old drugs which can cause serious adverse reactions, and are usually tried only after other medications have failed. The first choice of antidepressant for depression is typically a selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still being used in certain instances despite their long-standing history. These drugs are effective in treating pain caused by neuropathic or other however their antidepressant effect is not the same. They potentiate the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake. They also act as descending moderators for pain pathways within the spinal cord. best adhd medication for adults uk are less toxic and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. Additionally, they're safe in pregnancy and do not appear to cause teratogenicity in animals or humans. If abruptly stopped, they may cause withdrawal symptoms that are severe. Your doctor may suggest slowly reducing the dose over a few weeks to minimize these effects. Although not officially recognized by the FDA as a treatment for adhd Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant off-label for ADHD. It's believed to increase the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine that are found in the brain to increase concentration. It is also believed to relieve stress and anxiety. It can be combined with stimulants to achieve more rapid and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medications, however many people experience relief from herbal remedies and dietary supplements. A diet low on fat and sugar can help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Some people may benefit by abstaining from caffeine. Inform your doctor about all medications you or your child take as well as herbal remedies and over-the-counter medicines. This will minimize unwanted side effects and prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error to determine the best dosage and drug for your child or yourself.